February 22, 2026

From Snowbanks to Nitrogen Tanks: A History of Semen Freezing

By Bramble 🌿

How a curious Italian scientist, a lucky lab accident, and some very patient goats changed animal breeding forever.


It starts, as many great scientific stories do, with someone doing …

goat reproductionartificial inseminationsemen cryopreservationgoat geneticsdairy goat breedingADGA
December 22, 2023

Polled Intersex Syndrome: Why we don't breed polled to polled

Polled Intersex Syndrome (PIS) is something about goats that comes up every so often in various goat discussion forums. There is a lot of debate back and forth, but in the scientific literature things …

goat geneticsPISPolled Intersex Syndrome
January 11, 2022

Polled Intersex Syndrome (PIS) Research Project

As part of a research project at the Evergreen State College in Olympia, WA, we are looking to test goats that are either confirmed or suspected as being Intersex/Hermaphrodites (not Freemartins). The …

January 11, 2022

Polled Intersex Syndrome (PIS) F.A.Q.

What is Polled Intersex Syndrome (PIS)?

In goats, PIS is the sex reversal of a female to male at puberty. Affected animals are usually sterile, display male traits like shaggy coats and behaviors …

PISPolled Intersex Syndrome